Foundation

Sewer design requires prior knowledge of soil and site conditions to determine overburden loads that…

Rock support for tunnels and underground cavern design is a demanding and very complex task.…

A tunnel is an elongated, narrow essentially linear underground opening with a length greatly exceeding…

1. Introduction Subsidence is displacement of ground surface vertically over a broad region or at…

Introduction Accurate and complete subsurface information is necessary for all types of civil engineering projects,…

Chemical weathering, or chemical decomposition, involves several important reactions between the elements in the atmosphere…